The mechanism of injury is inversion and dorsiflexion of the foot and ankle, simultaneously with an intense and abrupt contraction of the peroneal tendons. Peroneal tendon subluxation is a relatively rare condition, and while it has become more frequent due to an increase in sports practice, it remains scarcely described in literature. Furthermore, the atraumatic mechanism of injury in this case, along with the unknown true incidence of peroneal tendon subluxation, highlights the need to consider this pathology in cases of ankle injuries. This case demonstrates superior peroneal retinaculum repair as an efficient surgical approach for this condition. Peroneal tendon subluxation has no established preferred surgical technique. The chosen surgical technique was isolated reattachment of the superior peroneal retinaculum, which proved successful. Surgical correction was recommended after 2 months of conservative treatment with no improvement.
On dynamic ultrasonography, an anterior subluxation of the peroneus brevis tendon occurred when the ankle was in dorsiflexion, suggesting superior peroneal retinaculum injury. The patient felt pain upon palpation and presented snapping during flexion–extension of the left ankle. Case presentationĪ 25-year-old White woman presented pain and locking of the lateral side of the left foot 2 years earlier, with no history of trauma. We report a case of subluxation of the peroneus brevis tendon, with no apparent traumatic cause, in which there was a need for a surgical approach after the failure of conservative treatment. Treatment may be conservative or surgical, although there is no consensus on the most appropriate technique to be employed. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, but the use of imaging techniques, such as dynamic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, may contribute to its clarification. Peroneal tendon subluxation is a rare pathology, generally associated with sport-induced trauma, that occurs due to the rupture of the superior peroneal retinaculum.
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